​​​​​The complexity of the maritime scenario requires the Italian Navy to design platforms with a high degree of autonomy and energy efficiency. Modern surface units are highly energy-intensive systems, in which multifunction radars, sensors and digitised combat systems require higher electrical power than in the past. In this context, conventional naval architecture is constrained by fossil fuel: increasing range means more fuel has to be carried on board, reducing the weights and volumes available for operating systems and armaments.

To respond to this technological challenge, sub-lieutenant Bernardo Caprioli developed a feasibility study in his Master's degree thesis, focusing on the integration of nuclear propulsion on board front-line units.

The study analyses whether nuclear propulsion could be a solution for destroyers, starting from the 'design spiral' methodology applied to three speed profiles up to thirty knots. The integration of an on-board reactor changes the geometry of the ship, requiring a balance between weights, shielding, logistics and power generation capacity.

The research assessed the technical feasibility of two modular reactors currently under international study, the SEALER-55 and the HOLOS-Quad, analysing the behaviour of the hull, the response to power transients and the compatibility with the platform using dynamic models. Alongside the advantages in terms of range and zero CO2 emissions, critical issues emerge related to costs, the need for dedicated infrastructure, regulations and the training of specialised personnel.

The work does not propose an immediate choice, but offers a tool for technical reflection on the construction paradigms and industrial know-how of the sector. The author, an officer in the Italian Navy Engineering Corps, specialising in Naval Engineering, obtained a master's degree in Naval Engineering from the 'Federico II' University of Naples on 31 March 2026 and is currently serving onboard aircraft carrier Cavour. ​